X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that surface sediments changed from being sources to acting as sinks of As, due to the formation of Fe-(hydr)oxide. Her chest X-ray (posteroanterior) showed reticular opacities of both lung. Hydroxyl radicals were generated during the oxidation of reductive substances at the SWI in darkness, and should be dominant contributors to As(III) abiotic oxidation. Arsenic exposure with drinking water and the food is very common in West. More than half of the oxidation and all the methylation of As(III) resulted from the manipulation by O2 nanobubbles of microbes responsible for As(III) oxidation and methylation. It was observed that remediation of algal-induced hypoxia at the sediment-water interfaces (SWI) by application of O2 nanobubbles reduced the level of dissolved As from 23.2 μg L−1 to <10 μg L−1 and stimulated the conversion of As(III) to the less toxic As(V) (65–75%) and methylated As (10–15%) species. Here, we investigate the use of interfacial oxygen (O2) nanobubble technology to combat the hypoxia and control As exposure in simulated mesocosm experiments. 2.4 First-aid measures and management principles Due to the toxic action of inorganic arsenic on the gastrointestinal tract in acute poisoning, and the subsequent liquid losses, special care to the fluid-electrolyte balance is required to prevent. The arsenic (As)-bearing eutrophic waters may suffer from the dual conditions of harmful algal blooms and release of As, driven by algal-induced hypoxia/anoxia. In acute, massive arsenic ingestion, barium-like opacities on abdominal X-ray may be demonstrated.
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